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Old Testament Study - basics |
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The Basics
Study Courses
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* This study course will be made up of the 11 historical foundational books of the Old Testament. Within the time frame of these 11 books, the remaining books of the Old Testament interact, and were written. The first 11 chapters of the book of Genesis gives the account of Creation, the fall of man, the first murder, the tower of Babel, and the great flood. From Genesis ch.12 to the last book of the Old Testament, it is God’s dealings with the nation of Israel, of which He raised up from the loins of Abraham; out of which would come the Messiah, the Lord Jesus Christ: who would be the Savior of all of mankind; ( In him shall the Gentiles hope etc. Isaiah 9:2, 60:3 Ephesians 3:6 ) the fulfillment of the promise, that God gave in Genesis 3:15, that from the woman’s seed, God would bruise Satan’s head. Hallelujah ! The following 11 historical books will make up this study course. Genesis Exodus Numbers Joshua Judges 1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings 2 Kings Ezra Nehemiah Some basic facts Genesis Genesis is the book of beginnings. The beginning of the universe, the human race, earth animals, sin, redemption, and the Hebrew ( Jewish ) people. Some main persons and events of Genesis. Ch.1-5 God, Adam, Eve, Cain, Abel, Seth, Satan Events Creation, fall of man, promise of a Savior, murder, Cain’s exile, birth of Seth Ch.6-10 Noah and family Events The Great flood judgment, God’s promise and sign of the rainbow Ch.11 The people at Babel Events The confusion of languages Ch.12-50 Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph Events Beginning of Hebrew nation, Abrahamic covenant, Jews move to Egypt Exodus Exodus deals with the deliverance of the Hebrew ( Jewish ) people from slavery, in Egypt, by the miraculous hand of God. At the close of the book of Genesis, Joseph and his family ( est. 75 people ) move to Egypt and after an increase in population were enslaved by Pharaoh. Another word for Exodus would be exit, departure. Some main persons and events of Exodus Ch.1- 40 Moses, Aaron, Miriam, Pharaoh, Jethro Events Birth of Moses, the call of Moses, the Plagues, the Passover, the Exodus, the Red Sea, Jethros advise, Giving of the Law ( Ten Commandments ) The building of the tabernacle and its furnishings Numbers The first part of this book deals with the experiences of the Hebrews at Mt. Sinai; the latter part, their wanderings in the desert for forty years, thus, the theme of this book is considered by many, Wilderness Wanderings. Some main persons and events of Numbers Ch.1-36 Moses, Aaron, priesthood, ten spies, Joshua, Korah, Balaam Events Constant murmuring of the people, spies sent to spy out the land, Moses’s intercessions, Aaron’s rod buds, Moses sin, smiting the rock, Balaam’s prophecies, years of wanderings, preparations to enter promise land Joshua The book of Joshua records for the most part the military conquest of the promised land and concludes with instructions, for dividing the land. Joshua served under Moses and was appointed as his successor. Some main persons and events of Joshua Ch.1- 24 Joshua, the 12 tribes, Rahab, Achan, Amorites, Gibeonites Events Joshua assumes command, spies sent out, military campaigns, circumcision of the new generation of Jews, wall of Jericho falls, Achans sin, Gibeonites trickery, dividing of the land. Judges After the 12 tribes of Israel settle down in the promise land Joshua dies, without leadership, the people begin to fall away from God and his commandments. God raises up Spirit filled Judges ( leaders ) that bring about spiritual revival and unity. Some main persons and events of Judges Ch.1-21 13 Judges - Othniel, Ehud, Shamgar, Deborah, Barak, Gideon, Tola, Jair, Jephthah, Ibzan, Elon, Abdon, Samson Events Gideons victory, Samson slays a lion, slays 30 men, burns crops, slays 1000 Philistine men, defeated by a woman, his eyes put out, Samson destroys the temple of the Philistines and dies with many people. Civil war with the tribe of Benjamin. 1 Samuel This book begins with the life of Samuel, who was called to the Prophets office, but is mainly about David. After the time of the Judges, the people of Israel want a King and Samuel is directed by the Lord to anoint Saul, to be the first king of Israel. After disobeying God, the Lord rejects Saul; and David is chosen and anointed to be the next king; which brings about the persecution of David by Saul. 1 Samuel and 2 Samuel are considered one book in the Hebrew bible, the Tanak. Some main persons and events of 1 Samuel Ch.1-31 Samuel, Eli, Philistines, Saul, David, Jonathon, Nabal Events Samuel’s birth, Eli’s sons die, Philistines capture the Ark of God, Ark is returned to Israel, Saul chosen as King, Saul is rejected, David is chosen and anointed, David kill giant Goliath, Saul persecutes David, David and Jonathon become friends, Saul and Jonathon are slain. 2 Samuel In this book, David comes to power, first over the tribe of Juda and some years later over all of Israel. This book records David’s victories, his personal sins of adultery, a plot of murder, and the numbering of the people. David’s daughter is raped by a half brother, whom in turn, is murdered by another brother, Absolom: who is banished for his crime but later is brought back to Israel. Absolom stirs up a revolt against David which fails and is killed in the ongoing battle. Some main persons and events of 2 Samuel Ch.1-24 David, Abner, Joab, Mephibosheth, Bath-sheba, Uriah, Absolom, Tamar, Hushai, Nathan Events David becomes king, Jerusalem becomes the capital of Israel, David’s sin, Tamar is raped, the revolt of Absolom, the Ark is returned to Jerusalem, the Davidic covenant given, Absolom is killed. 1 Kings The first eleven captures records David’s death, and the reign of his son Solomon until his death. Following the death of king Solomon, the kingdom is divided, each having its own king. The northern kingdom consisted of 10 tribes under the rule of Jeroboam, with the southern kingdom consisting of 2 tribes, under the rule of Rehoboam. * One must have an understanding of this division, to understand all the events that transpire, leading up to the conquering and captivity of the 2 kingdoms by the Assyrians and Babylonians. Some main persons and events of 1 Kings Ch.1-22 Solomon, Queen of Sheba, Rehoboam, Jeroboam, Elijah, Ahab, Jezebel Events Solomon becomes king, God gives Solomon wisdom, Solomon has the temple built, his reign as king, Shekinah-Glory fills the temple, The visit of Queen of Sheba, Rehoboam’s foolishness, The ministry of Elijah 2 Kings This book records the fall of the northern kingdom, the 10 tribes called Israel, with Samaria as their capital; the southern kingdom, consisting of 2 tribes known as Judah with Jerusalem as their capital. The northern kingdom was conquered by the Assyrians around 721 BC. and the southern kingdom was conquered around 606 BC. by the Babylonians. From the people taken captive by the Babylonians, there was three separate returns of the Jews, to their homeland. Some main persons and events of 2 Kings Ch.1-25 Elijah, Elisha, Succeeding kings, Assyrians and Babylonians Events Elijah taken to heaven by a whirlwind, Elisha succeeds him, signs and wonders done by Elisha, Israel invaded, Judah invaded Ezra An est.70 years lapse from the captivity and carrying away of the inhabitants of the southern kingdom, to their first return, led by Zerubbabel. These Jews restored their genealogy and set about to rebuild the temple, under much opposition, Some main persons and events of Ezra Ch.1-10 Cyrus, Zerubbabel, Artaxerxes, Ezra Events The return of Jews, building the temple, opposition from the inhabitants of the land, Artaxerxes suspends the work, the work resumed, The prophets Haggai and Zacharia encourage the Jews to complete the work, Ezra’s ministry. Nehemiah This book records the return of Nehemiah with permission to rebuild the walls around Jerusalem, the opposition to the rebuilding of the walls, and a great revival under Ezra. Some main persons and events of Nehemiah Ch.1-13 Nehemiah, Ezra Events The rebuilding of the walls, opposition, Revival under Ezra
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